{"id":6481,"date":"2025-07-31T07:44:23","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T07:44:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/araburology.com\/?p=6481"},"modified":"2025-07-31T07:44:23","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T07:44:23","slug":"%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words light\"><p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"24\"><strong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"24\">\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"26\" data-end=\"275\">\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f 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class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%8B%D8%A7\" >\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84\" >\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84\" >\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84\" >\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AD_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/araburology.com\/en\/%d9%83%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9\/#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%B5\" >\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"ip6pu1\" data-start=\"277\" data-end=\"313\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%8B%D8%A7\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"281\" data-end=\"313\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"315\" data-end=\"598\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 <strong data-start=\"381\" data-end=\"406\">800 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 \u0644\u062a\u0631<\/strong> \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"829\" data-end=\"983\">\n<p data-start=\"832\" data-end=\"983\"><strong data-start=\"832\" data-end=\"851\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1174\">\n<p data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1174\"><strong data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1006\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1176\" data-end=\"1355\">\n<p data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1355\"><strong data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1196\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1357\" data-end=\"1492\">\n<p data-start=\"1360\" data-end=\"1492\"><strong data-start=\"1360\" data-end=\"1371\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"cev9re\" data-start=\"1494\" data-end=\"1524\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1498\" data-end=\"1524\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1526\" data-end=\"1886\">\n<li data-start=\"1526\" data-end=\"1730\">\n<p data-start=\"1528\" data-end=\"1730\"><strong data-start=\"1528\" data-end=\"1546\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 8 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1734\" data-end=\"1886\">\n<p data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1886\"><strong data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1749\">\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 400 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"zuiten\" data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1935\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%A4%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"1892\" data-end=\"1935\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"1937\" data-end=\"2541\">\n<li data-start=\"1937\" data-end=\"2178\">\n<p data-start=\"1940\" data-end=\"2178\"><strong data-start=\"1940\" data-end=\"1981\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631)<\/strong>:<br>\n\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2180\" data-end=\"2349\">\n<p data-start=\"2183\" data-end=\"2349\"><strong data-start=\"2183\" data-end=\"2210\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2351\" data-end=\"2541\">\n<p data-start=\"2354\" data-end=\"2541\"><strong data-start=\"2354\" data-end=\"2373\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong>:<br>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"tazwbu\" data-start=\"2543\" data-end=\"2588\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AD_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"2547\" data-end=\"2588\">\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2590\" data-end=\"3108\">\n<li data-start=\"2590\" data-end=\"2726\">\n<p data-start=\"2592\" data-end=\"2726\"><strong data-start=\"2592\" data-end=\"2618\">\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 8 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2835\">\n<p data-start=\"2729\" data-end=\"2835\"><strong data-start=\"2729\" data-end=\"2760\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2836\" data-end=\"2941\">\n<p data-start=\"2838\" data-end=\"2941\"><strong data-start=\"2838\" data-end=\"2864\">\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2942\" data-end=\"3108\">\n<p data-start=\"2944\" data-end=\"3108\"><strong data-start=\"2944\" data-end=\"2962\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1fsgg1j\" data-start=\"3110\" data-end=\"3153\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><strong data-start=\"3114\" data-end=\"3153\">\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3928\">\n<li data-start=\"3155\" data-end=\"3330\">\n<p data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3330\"><strong data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3201\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 400 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2.5 \u0644\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3332\" data-end=\"3478\">\n<p data-start=\"3335\" data-end=\"3478\"><strong data-start=\"3335\" data-end=\"3384\">\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u061f<\/strong><br>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3480\" data-end=\"3622\">\n<p data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3622\"><strong data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3524\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u061f<\/strong><br>\n\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3624\" data-end=\"3778\">\n<p data-start=\"3627\" data-end=\"3778\"><strong data-start=\"3627\" data-end=\"3682\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/strong><br>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3780\" data-end=\"3928\">\n<p data-start=\"3783\" data-end=\"3928\"><strong data-start=\"3783\" data-end=\"3828\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/strong><br>\n\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 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\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 <em data-start=\"4126\" data-end=\"4140\">Arab Urology<\/em>\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 <strong data-start=\"4148\" data-end=\"4199\">\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 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